Programming and Commercial Effects on Children Essay Example for Free

Programming and Commercial Effects on Children Essay Many parents are not aware that commercial programming can have the same effect on childs cognitive learning as the programming the children are watching. The Merriman-Webster (2012) dictionary defines cognitive as, Of relating to, being, or involving conscious intellectual activity (as thinking, reasoning, or remembering). Research has been done on childrens programming as well as commercial television to show the effects on todays youth. Even though suggestive adult humor can be found in childrens programming, the impact commercials have toward children is just as important to watch. Television can provide opportunity for children to learn however it should not be a teacher or babysitter for todays youth. Questions like, If a program is scheduled at all hours of the day and into the night, does this make it appropriate for younger children to watch? should be just one of the many parents should ask when allowing children to watch specific television programming. Intentional or not, programmers use television to influence todays youth. With todays ability to view childrens programming on a multitude of different stations and different channels for each station, it is amazing on how much of todays programming for young children have hidden layers of adult humor. Television writers put subtle instances of adult humor in to childrens programming which allows for them to draw in ratings from a wider range of viewers. Rice (2009) conducted a study on popular childrens cartoon SpongeBob SquarePants in which it states the show is directed toward an age group of approximately 2 to 11 year olds, however research shows that it has a variety of audiences in all age groups. Nearly a quarter (22%) of the viewers ranged from ages 18 to 49. Along with this research, Rice also notes on the schedule of the show to emphasize how it is directed toward a large range of viewers. The show was slotted to air between early morning hours to even later hours, up until close to midnight which by then most of the targeted age group would ave been in bed for a few hours by the time of airing. Rice also recorded subject analysis data for several age groups. In information collected from high school students, the majority of them seem to identify with the shows side kick known as Patrick Star. A large majority of respondents say they watch the show because it is funny, entertaining, and hilarious (Rice, 2009, paragraph, 46). On the other hand, when college students were polled they more or less chose to watch because it helped them unwind from a stressful day, possibly like a treat for their bran after a hard day of class work. If a show that is targeted for a much younger age group has a relaxing type of effect, it would be interesting to see how it influences the target age group. When childrens programming is actually aimed towards a large range of viewers how adults choose what their children should watch could have an important impact on how they develop. In recent, years television networks an writers have taken a more proactive approach in educating youth through television programming. Some of this can be seen by the creation of junior channels. Channels like Nick Jr. or Disney Jr. ave created programming geared toward preschoolers and toddlers that use colors and characters to peak their interests. One of the more influential television stations that support child develop has been the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). PBS has had constant influence in child development with shows like Sesame Street and Barney Friends and now offer new programming like Bob the Builder, Teletubbies and Thomas Friends. These shows focus on learning in the early stages of a preschoolers development by reaching the alphabet, numbers, dancing, singing and even emotional responses. According to The Journal of Media Literacy (2012), To capture and hold viewer attention, each Dora episode features a linear narrative shaped around a high-stakes adventure with serious consequences. It calls upon viewers to interact with the television to help Dora overcome a series of structured challenges. When children hear that they did a good job or a positive response, they tend to want to interact more and thus keeps them interested in the programming. Along with current programming on television, networks have started developing DVDs to sell to parents when current programming might not peak a childs interests. Big Companies like Disney, the Brainy Baby Company and Sesame Workshop have started developing age specific programming. When a large company starts to invest in developmental programming, it gives a better sense of satisfaction as the brand is well known. DVD series like Baby Einstein, Brainy Baby and Sesame Beginnings all have their own niche and targeted age range however all promote development and learning. Kikorian, Wartella, and Anderson (2008) state shows like Baby Einstein target viewers from as young as one month old and covers a wide range of topics such as music, art, language and poetry while Sesame Beginnings targets children starting at six months of age. This show features younger versions of the Muppets of Sesame Street and promote interaction between children and their caregivers. Kikoran et al. (2008) also discussed the unique effect of television on children under the age of two and suggests that some research shows that exposure to television during the first few years of life may be associated with poorer cognitive development. This question could be geared toward the overall television experience which includes commercials and the actual programming. With the importance of what is appropriate for children to watch in television, parents seem to be more concerned with actual programming then what is played in between. However, studies have shown that these commercials can be just as influential to our youth. With promotion of movie trailers, current television shows and video games violence is in pure view for children to see and it is less monitored then the actual program. In order to track this data, the authors in an article in the Journal of Advertising had to define how children and their parents viewed violence. For the children defining violence was much more broad as one child responded with, Violent is fighting with weapons, with swords, blood, and gore and another stated, Violence is bleeding really bad. Sometimes its when somebody falls down and theyre scratched or bleeding really bad (Brocato et al. 2010). Parents were more unified with defining violence with violence consisting of blood, gore and death. Children seem to think that it is the mother that stresses the importance of them not watching while the fathers feel it is alright as long as they are watching it with them. Both parents shared a common theme in that the commercials are not the issue but the actual programming. Parents also shared that by being present they could address sensitive issues like violence when it happens. Reading through the study it was surprising to see possible limitations that could have address more issues. Parents could have been asked while being present when the issue arose how did the child react to the situation. Another question that might have been asked is how did the child react to the actual discussion about the topic. Was the child more interested in the programming or on what the parents had to say. Ultimately the article had a good basis for what were the more glaring issues and how both the parents and children valued what was played in commercials. Intentional or not, programmers use television to influence todays youth. This could be from how they act from watching their favorite television program, to desiring a new toy or video game that was currently seen on a commercial. Parents should take the time to watch what their children are watching. One way to see how a childs favorite program can affect them is to watch the program without the child and then with the child. When watched alone write down instances that might be inappropriate or that draw questions. As the child sits through the program watch how they react to certain situation and then discuss with them on what is positive and what is negative. With correct supervision and discussions, parents have the ability to be a part of the education process with todays youth.

Masculine Desires Expressed in Art and Media Essay -- Male Masculinity

Suppose the locks to a Starbuck’s Cafà © were slowing turning to seal the doors shut from any last customers. But before the latch could roll into the opposite lock, two strangers pulled open the door and made their way inside. A sight to have seen: James Bond and Keanu Reeves. They held each a large canvas and a sculpture, respectively. Both purchased their favorite coffee drinks at the local cafà ©. Having made an exception in not closing the shop at the normal time, the employee allowed the men to enjoy their beverages inside—in the comfort of the inexplicably soft couches. The gentlemen sat and conversed about their current lives. My question is: does the adolescent worker, who is still bewildered, share a singularity with the unexpected customers, as well as with the artworks in their possession? Regardless of the hypothetical, the answer is always the same: Yes. The fictitious heroes and brave men conceived by man bear the longings and passions of their creator. In fact, it is through them that man lives vicariously. However, prior to the births of legendary characters in motion pictures and comic books, there existed artworks that introduced the public to the deepest desires of man. They portrayed his universal image: a man that is â€Å"wild at heart†. What does the action sequence of The Matrix: Reloaded have in common with a sixteenth-century sculpture? Baccio Bandinelli’s Hercules and Cacus, exemplifies the first of three desires in man. According to the legend, Hercules went on a journey to complete his tenth labor, a task of retrieving the Cattle of Geryon. Cacus, â€Å"a fire-god†¦demoted to a fire-breathing giant†, stole the cattle from the unsuspecting Hercules and hid with them in a cave. The theft launched the enemies into ... ...expresses. The three desires of man are painted and sculpted in the magazines, books, television shows, and movies of today. Society suggests the ideals and universal image of man it wants to uphold; the media engraves the information into the stone tablets of its mind. Sure, I can appreciate the sculpture of Hercules and the painting of Christ, but only because I know that I can personally relate to the artworks. I want a battle to fight, an adventure to live, and a beauty to rescue. Works Cited Eldredge, John. Wild at Heart. Tennessee: Nelson Publishing, 2001 Gladwell, Malcolm. Blink. New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2005 â€Å"Hercules and Cacus† Wikipedia September 25, 2006 Gospel of John BibleGateway September 25, 2006 Masculine Desires Expressed in Art and Media Essay -- Male Masculinity Suppose the locks to a Starbuck’s Cafà © were slowing turning to seal the doors shut from any last customers. But before the latch could roll into the opposite lock, two strangers pulled open the door and made their way inside. A sight to have seen: James Bond and Keanu Reeves. They held each a large canvas and a sculpture, respectively. Both purchased their favorite coffee drinks at the local cafà ©. Having made an exception in not closing the shop at the normal time, the employee allowed the men to enjoy their beverages inside—in the comfort of the inexplicably soft couches. The gentlemen sat and conversed about their current lives. My question is: does the adolescent worker, who is still bewildered, share a singularity with the unexpected customers, as well as with the artworks in their possession? Regardless of the hypothetical, the answer is always the same: Yes. The fictitious heroes and brave men conceived by man bear the longings and passions of their creator. In fact, it is through them that man lives vicariously. However, prior to the births of legendary characters in motion pictures and comic books, there existed artworks that introduced the public to the deepest desires of man. They portrayed his universal image: a man that is â€Å"wild at heart†. What does the action sequence of The Matrix: Reloaded have in common with a sixteenth-century sculpture? Baccio Bandinelli’s Hercules and Cacus, exemplifies the first of three desires in man. According to the legend, Hercules went on a journey to complete his tenth labor, a task of retrieving the Cattle of Geryon. Cacus, â€Å"a fire-god†¦demoted to a fire-breathing giant†, stole the cattle from the unsuspecting Hercules and hid with them in a cave. The theft launched the enemies into ... ...expresses. The three desires of man are painted and sculpted in the magazines, books, television shows, and movies of today. Society suggests the ideals and universal image of man it wants to uphold; the media engraves the information into the stone tablets of its mind. Sure, I can appreciate the sculpture of Hercules and the painting of Christ, but only because I know that I can personally relate to the artworks. I want a battle to fight, an adventure to live, and a beauty to rescue. Works Cited Eldredge, John. Wild at Heart. Tennessee: Nelson Publishing, 2001 Gladwell, Malcolm. Blink. New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2005 â€Å"Hercules and Cacus† Wikipedia September 25, 2006 Gospel of John BibleGateway September 25, 2006

Communicate in a Business Environment

1. Understand the purpose of planning communication1.1 Explain the benefits of knowing the purpose of communication The purpose of communication is to allow the exchange of information, ideas, concepts, emotions, thoughts and opinions. The benefit of knowing this is so you can use communication as a tool, it is needed to be able to learn, teach and explain things to others. We communicate in a Business Environment to maintain effective and efficient ways of working and to listen to and try to solve each others problems.1.2 Explain the reasons for knowing the audience to whom communications are presented By knowing who your audience is it is easier to adapt your communication appropriately. Your tone and format will differ depending on who is receiving the communication as will your body language, for example when talking amongst friends, you are likely to talk informally with more relaxed body language whereas when talking to a senior manager you would put more thought into what you were saying and the words you choose as well as standing up straight, smiling etc.The reasons we change the way we communicate to different audiences is to give off the right impression and to get what you want to say across appropriately, effectively and efficiently. 1.3 Explain the purpose of knowing the intended outcomes of communications Knowing the intended outcomes of communications helps inform you if the information you provided was satisfactory and up to the right standard or if they needed more from you.1.4 Describe different methods of communication and when to use them There are five different methods of communication; verbal, non verbal, informal, formal and body language.VerbalVerbal communication is the act of conveying thoughts, feelings and ideas through the use of speech. It is the most effective type of communication and should be used when an immediate response is needed, which can be sought face to face or over the phone. Verbal is also a preferred method when i nformation is confidential. Non-VerbalThis type of communication is one that does not involve speech. Examples of non-verbal communications are written, facial expressions, gestures and sign language. Written communication can be used to have a hard copy/record of an agreement or conversation. Facial expressions and gestures can be very helpful to portray your feelings and helps you determine if the person you are speaking to understands what you’re saying.InformalInformal communication can come in many forms, a face to face chat, phone call, text, e-mail, post it note or an informal meeting for a catch up. This is used day in day out amongst friends and colleagues. This is usually used when the people communicating know each other; an example of this would be starting an e-mail with â€Å"Hi ______† rather than â€Å"Dear Mr. _______†.FormalFormal communication is usually used when communicating with customers/clients depending on the relationship held with the m or when procedures and orders are being followed. This is, in most cases, the format used automatically when communicating in business with people you do not know.Body LanguageBody language is the most honest method of communication; it can be relied on by the hard of hearing or talking to help them get their point across and understand others. It helps people judge who they think is approachable and can assist when there is a language barrier.2. Understand how to communicate in writing2.1 Identify relevant sources of information that may be used when preparing written communication Sources of information can be classed as Primary, Secondary and Tertiary.PrimaryWhen information is primarily sourced it is gathered by a person directly in contact with the event or incident. These are the authentic facts that haven’t undergone any changes. Examples of these include: DiariesLetters E-mails Interviews SurveysSecondary A secondary source of information is interpreted or analysed data of the primary source. Examples of these include: Books Magazine and newspaper articles Commentaries TextbooksTertiary Tertiary sources consist of information which is a combination of primary and secondary sources. Examples of these include: Manuals Directories Fact books Bibliographies2.2 Describe the communication principles for using electronic forms of written communication in a business environment. Electronic forms of data or communication are e-mails, faxes etc. When choosing electronic communications for exchange of information, you should think carefully to decide which the best and most efficient method of communication is.2.3 Explain different styles and tones of language and situations when they may be used for written communications. Colloquial, casual, and formal writing are different styles of writing that have their own expectations and outcomes. The style of writing also depends on the purpose of what is intended to say, how it is intended to say, what the doc ument will be used  for and the audience.Colloquial LanguageColloquial is an informal, conversational style of writing. Casual language is something that we use to communicate with family and close friends. It uses informal words that we use normally on a daily basis.Formal LanguageFormal language is used in business communications. It depends on the words you use, the way you use and relates to your role. You need to be personally well presented and the language has formal words with proper syntax, good vocabulary and excellent grammar which are more important.2.4 Explain the reasons for selecting and using language that suits the purpose of written communication. The purpose of written communication is to contact people in a more professional way. See 1.4 under Formal.2.5 Describe the ways of organising, structuring and presenting written information so it meets the needs of different audiences. When organising, structuring and presenting written information we have to bear in m ind the following. Prepare all the documents for presentation depending on what has to be delivered. Keep documents in the correct order, so that the communication goes in a proper flow without any confusions and errors.While presenting, be clear in what you talk stating the objectives. Give an introduction on what you are going to present, why you are writing to them, why the audience is receiving the written communication. Present it step by step clearly using proper resources where needed. In the end, close it down making clear that all objectives were covered. Inform the audience what will happen next and what actions have to be implemented.2.6 Describe ways of checking for the accuracy of content in written information. Any written communication has to be free of spelling and grammatical errors. It also has to be in the right and professional format. So the following have to be checked or considered before the document is finalised to be sent out. Check the points written down: Whatever we write has to be accurate, otherwise it will have disastrous effects and can even ruin the reputation of the organisation, and the organisation can itself get into trouble. So all details have to be double checked for example dates, names, statistics, events, discussions, actions and other facts. If you are unsure of anything, make sure you check with knowledgeable or experienced people and update the written document.2. Spell check and Grammar check:Spell-check is an option available to easily correct typo errors. Sometimes it will not be 100% accurate, because if you had typed a word instead of another, then spell check will not be able to trace it. So it is always best to check through the document twice before sending it out.3. Use a Template:Usually every organisation has a different style for documents they produce. They will all be available as templates which one can use to easily input data. In case there isn’t a template available, you should research thr ough to find the correct style for the document that you produce depending on needs, department and organisation and follow the style guide to produce the document. As an organisation, documents have to be produced in a standard and professional format.4. Have someone else check your work:Another way to ensure accuracy is to have your document read by another reader. Sometimes when we read through our own work, minor or sometimes major errors can be hard to detect. Grammatical, punctuation and style errors can be picked up if the reader is an experienced person.2.7 Explain the purpose of accurate use of grammar, punctuation and spelling.The main purpose in the correct use of grammar, punctuation and spelling is ensuring the receiver of the information reads it the way it was intended. Addition to this when given a task to do, your employer expects you to do it perfectly. When a document has inaccuracies, readers tend to distrust everything, including the statistics, opinions, and fa cts. For progression in the company you need to ensure you carry out all tasks to a certain standard.2.8 Explain what is meant by plain English, and why it is used. Plain English is plain language used for communication that emphasise clarity and avoids technical language. Plain English is used so that what you try to communicate is easily understood by everyone and is appropriate to their reading skills and knowledge.2.9 Explain the purpose of proofreading and checking written work. Any work that is written has to be proofread and checked especially if it is important written work. The purpose of doing so is to avoid errors and appearing unprofessional. See 2.6 for the purpose of checking work.2.10 Explain the purpose of recognising work that is important and work that is urgent. Importance and urgency are two different things. When something is urgent, you rush to do it. When something is important, you prioritise it. Urgent tasks are not necessarily complicated, so I try to finis h off the urgent ones quickly and move on to the important ones. Important tasks should be dealt with carefully and have time put into them and be thoroughly checked on completion.2.11 Describe organisational procedures for saving and filing written communications. Every organisation has its own policies and procedures for saving and filing documents. Documents with similar information are filed together for ease of accessibility when necessary. Documents that need to be shared with other departments and other staff are always stored on shared drives. You should be very particular about the storage and destroying of confidential information. Records may be kept as paper files, or electronically in shared drives, databases, or document management systems.

The Dangers in Our Society - 556 Words

Ender Ho Prof Jawad Ali LBST 301 April 2014 Dystopia has never been a stranger to the science-fiction movie genre nor popular culture. Indeed, Metropolis (1927), set in a futuristic urban dystopia, is regarded as the first feature length science-fiction movie; Professor Saul Tobias of California State University, Fullerton, assigns his Liberal Studies 300 students to watch the dystopian science fiction thriller, Blade Runner; and The Hunger Games movie series set opening day and opening weekend gross records in North America. Although dystopian science-fiction films are, by definition, works of fiction, they resonate with its viewers because the realities of poverty, oppression, and violence depicted in the films are indeed realities in the world in which the viewer lives. The Hunger Games is a series that holds the imagination captive, as its stories deal with themes larger than itself. The themes amidst the dystopian setting are the same ones its viewers wrestle with every day: love, compassion, and justice in the midst of oppression. The dystopian story resonates with its viewers because it leaves open the possibility that injustice and oppression can be overcome, but it acknowledges that the process will be unpleasant and loaded with hardships. Yet for many this sort of cinema represents the only honest way of imaginatively responding to the injustices in society. Films like The Hunger Games series create space for conversation about oppressive systems in the world,Show MoreRelatedIs Technology a Solution or a Danger to Our Health and Society?1428 Words   |  6 Pages Is Technology A Solution Or A Danger To Our Health And Society? Over the last few years of my life, technology evolved in an abrupt manner. Science and its inventions over the centuries have made life easier and enjoyable. 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